Permutation-padlock



(Model.)

fJ. H. JULIAN.

l PBRMUTATION PADLOGK.

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` UNITED STATES PATEN r Ormes.

JOHN H. JULIAN, OF TROY, OHIO.

PERNlUTATlON-PADLOCK.

SPECIEECATION forming part of vLetters Patent No. 353,031, dated November 23, 1886. Application filed May 10, 1886. Serial No.201,741. (Model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, JOHN H. JULIAN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Troy, in the county of Miami and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Permutation-Padlocks, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in permutation-padlocks, and particularly relates to that class of lpadlocks in which a series of tumblers or locking-plates in a cylindrical casing are used in connection with a hasp, the legs of which are adapted to be engaged by said tumblers.

The objects of my invention are: rst, to so construct and arrange the hasp in connection with the tumblers that the said tumblers will be lock ed when the hasp is withdrawn to open the lock,and thus-guard against the accidental turning of the said tumblers while the lock is open, which would necessitate going over the combination before the lock could again be.

til the hasp is inserted to its normal position,

whereby the possibility of feeling the notches in the respective tumblers by drawfing on the hasp as the dial-plate is revolved is precluded; third, to so construct and arrange the lower tumblers in relation to the hasp that said hasp is adapted to engage with a se' and 4 are respectively abottom plan view and a vertical sectional view of the outer casing,

showing the manner of securing the hasp Figs to 9 are detailed views of y ch will be referred to A central opening, c2, is provided in the top l of the case A, through which the end of the stud c is adapted to project to be engaged by the nut c. This opening is preferably made 7o inthe form of a square with one corner cut off, as shown in Fig. 3, the end of the stud being shouldered down and l correspondingly shaped, as shown at c3, to iit said opening. The stud c is thus held against revolution in the case A, and means are furnished by which it will always be inserted in the same position .in the casi-ng A. The nut cf, which engages -the stud c, is adapted to iit in an annular recess, ci, at the top of the casing A, and is 8o notched out at either side to correspond with the openings b b', through which the legs of the hasp B are adapted to be inserted.

A notch, c5, in the back of the hasp B, is Y* adapted when the hasp is withdrawn and turned to the position as shown in Fig. 2 to come opposite the nut c and permit the said nut to be turned on the stud c, the said nut being held against revolution on the said stud when the legs of the hasp B are inserted 9o through the openings b b'. Means arethus furnished by which the nut may be readily disengaged from the stud and the said stud removed from the casing A when the lock is open, the said nut being held rigidly in position when the lock is'closed. y

J ournaledloosely on the stud c is a series of tumblers, D D' D2. These tumblers are separated from each other on the said stud by small washers e, each of which is provided with a rc small projection or spline, e', adapted to engage in a longitudinal groove or keyway, e2, in the stud c, to prevent the washers from turning on said stud.

The leg a ofthe hasp Bis made of considerable length and adapted to project down through the casing A, past the tumblers D D D, and is provided on one side thereof with notches f f f2, in which `the respective tumblers are adapted to engage. The other leg, a, of the hasp is made shorter and adapted to project into the casingA far enough to be engaged by the upper tumbler, D, only, a notch, f3, being provided therein for this purpose. Each tumbler is provided on one side with a notch, g, which when turned opposite the leg a of the hasp B will permit said hasp t'o be withdrawn past the said tumbler. When the notches g in the respective tumblers are brought in lineopposite the leg c of the hasp, the said hasp may be withdrawn, th us opening the lock.

The upper tumbler, D, being adapted to engage with both legs of the hasp, is provided with an additional notch, g', on the opposite side thereof from the notch g, so that when the notch g is brought opposite to the leg a the notch g will stand opposite to the leg ct. Each of the disks is provided in the face thereof with a series of holes, g2, into one of which a stud, h, is adapted to be inserted. The stud h is preferably screw-threaded and adapted to be inserted into either hole of the series, each of which is correspondingly tapped out to receive the same.

The middle tumbler, D', is provided with two studs, one at the top and the other at the bottom thereof, the upper and lower tumblers being provided with only one of said studs at the top and bottom thereof, respectively. These studs are placed at an equal distance from the center of the shaft or stud c, so that as thetumblers are revolved on said shaft the studs h on the respective tumblers will come in contact, and the tumblers will be revolved together.

The lower tumbler, D2, is provided with a hub, k, adapted to project downward and rest against the dial-plate A. This hub lc is provided at-its lower end with small notches 7c therein, one of which is adapted to engage on a projecting stud, Z, on the dial-plate A. lIt will be seen now that by revolving the dialplate A the lower tumbler, D, being connected thereto `by the projecting stud Z, will be revolved on the shaft or stud c.

When the dial-plate is revolved until the studs h in the respective tu mblers come in contact, the notches in the upper disk, D, may be brought opposite to the legs of the hasp by turning the dial-plate to the first number of the combination which corresponds with the said notches. Upon revolving the dial-plate backward or in the opposite direction until the studs engage on t-he opposite side,the notch in the tumbler D may be stopped or brought opposite to the notch in the upper tumbler by turning to the second number ofthe combinaA tion. By again reversing the motion of the dial-plate the notch in the lower tumbler may be brought in line with the others by turning to the third number of the combination. The notches thus all being brought in line,the hasp may be readily withdrawn. Now, as the ,hasp is withdrawn in order that the tumblers may be held against revolution or accidental displacement, I extend the leg c of the hasp for some distance below the lower tumbler, (the extended portion of said hasp being preferably of a plain cylindrical shape,) and I provide the said hasp with a stop adapted to limit the movement thereof, so that when the hasp is withdrawn sufficient to open the lock the eX- tended portion of the hasp is broughtinto the notches of the respective tu mblers and the said tumblers thus held against revolution.

The stop which limits the movements of the hasp is formed by constructing on the inner side of the casing A a projection, m, on either side of the leg a of the hasp, thus forming a semicircular chamber for said leg, which also serves as a guide therefor. The projections m are extended downward to a point opposite to or slightly below the tumbler D2. On the lower end of the leg c of the hasp is a small plate, m', preferably secured thereon by a screw, m2, which screws into the end of said hasp. As the hasp is withdrawn the plate m comes against the projection m, and thus limits the movement 0f said hasp.

It sometimes happens in locks of this class that in turning the dial-plate until the notch -gin thelower tumbler comes opposite the hasp,

and pulling on said hasp, the presence of the notch ma-y be detected and the number opposite to said notch noted. By reversing the movement of the dial and repeating the operation the numbers corresponding with the notches in the different tumblers may be similarly detected. To obviate this I so construct the notches in the hasp B that a longitudinal movement of the hasp suiicient to engage in the notch in the lower tumbler is permitted before the hasp comes in contact with the other tumbler-s of the series. By this construction when the first tumbler is turned wit-h the notch g opposite to the hasp, if the hasp is withdrawn sufficient to come in contact with the next tumbler of the series, the lower tumbler and the dialplate will be held against revolution, so that the hasp must be forced back into its normal position before the operation of unlocking can be proceeded with. The location of the notch in the first tumbler might be discovered, but this is as far as the operation could proceed.

In order to still further reduce the possibility of opening the lock, I provide on the under side of the lower tumbler a series of false or blind notches, g3. These notches are ofthesame size as the notch g, but extend only half-way through Athe plate. In case, therefore, the hasp is drawn outward during t-he revolution of the IOO IWI O 353,031 l j 'c dial-plate, kthe hasp will engage in one'of the notches g3, which will hold the dial-plate against revolution until the hasp is forced into its normal position. In this way it will be impossible to tell whether the hasp has entered the notch Ag or into one of the blind notches g3. Consequently no number ofthe combination can be accurately. determined.

It will be seen that by the constructions above described I provideV a lock which is simple and compact in its construction and very efficient in its operation. B y changing the studs' h'in the different holes of the series of the said tumblers, and by changing the'projection Z into the different slots la of the lower disk, the combination may be almost infinitely varied.

In assembling the parts of the lock the hasp is inserted into the casing through theopenings b b', and secured therein by means of the plate m, thelower end of the casing being at this time entirely open. The dialplate and the respective tumblers and the washers are then placed on the stud c, with the notches in the respective tumblers in line. The stud or shaft c is then vinserted into the casing A until the projecting end c3 passes through the opening ci. The hasp is withdrawn and turned to the position as shownin Fig. 2, thus holding the tumblers from turning and at the same time bringing the .notch c5 opposite'to the nut c', to permit said nut to be screwed onto the end of the stud c, thus closing the lower end of the casing A and binding the whole firmly together.

When the hasp is inserted into the easing and the dial-plate revolved, the tumblers are broughtto engage in the respective notches,

though it is obvious that any number may be used. It is also evident that the constructions herein shown maybe varied in many other different ways without departing from the Yspirit of my invention.

Having thus described my invention, I claiml. The combination', with the outer casing and the dial-plate and the tumblers adapted to be revolved by said dial-plate, of the hasp adapted to be engaged by said tumblers, said hasp being provided with an extended portion adapted when the hasp is withdrawn to be drawn into engagement with and lock the said tumblers when the lock is open, substantially as set forth.

2. The eombination,with the outer casing, the dial-plate, and the tumblers adapted to be revolved by said-dialplate, of the hasp provided with notches adapted to be engaged by said tumblers, the notches in saidhasp being so arranged in relation to said tumblers that -I thehasp'is capable of longitudinal movement sufficient to engage withI the lower tumblers, and thus lockthe dial plate before coming into contact with the other tumblers of the series, substantially as set forth.

3. The combination, with the cute/r casing` and the .dial-plate journaled thereon, and the tumblers adapted to be revolved by said dialplate, of the hasp provided with notches adapted `to be engaged by said tumblers, and the. lower tumblers provided with a series of false or blind notches, substantially as and for thepurpose set forth.

4. rlhe combination, with the outer casing, the dial-plate j ournaled thereon, the tumblers adapted to be revolved by said dial-plate, and the hasp provided with notches adapted to be engaged by saidy tumblers, of a central shaft or stud on which said dial-plate and tumblers are adapted to be revolved, a circular nut at the top of said casing adapted to supportsaid stud, said nut being provided with notches on either side, through which the legs of the hasp extend when the lockV is closed, and thus hold the nut against revolhtion, and the notch in the back of said hasp adapted when the said 'hasp is' withdrawn to come opposite to said nut to'permit the same to be revolved to loosen said stud on shaft, substantially as set forth.

5. The combination, with the outer casing having the openings in the top to receive the.

legs of the hasp and provided on one sidewith projections at the side of said hasp adapted to form a guide therefor, and astop-'plate on said hasp adapted to come against said projections, of the dial-plate and the revolving tumblers adapted to be moved thereby, substantially as set forth.

6. The combination, with the outer casing and the dial-plate journaled thereon, thelockingtumblers adapted to be revolved by said dial-plate, of tbe hasp B ,1 adapted to be engaged by said tumblers, said hasp being provided with an extended portion adapted to IVO IIO

locksaid tumblers when the hasp is withn drawn, the stop projection on said casing, and a plate on said hasp adapted to engage therewith, substantially as 'and forthe purpose set forth. y

7. The combination, with the outer casing and the dial-plate jonrnaled thereon, the tumblers adapted to be'revolved by said dial-plate,

one of said tumblers being provided with a adapted to be engaged by said tumblers, ,said lock is closed and adapted to be released when hasp being extended and providedwith a stopthe 100k is open, substantially as set forth. 1o plate adapted to engage with a stop projee- In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my tion on said easing, so that the extended porhand this 15th day of April, A. D. 1886.

5 tion will be brought into engagement with JOHN H. JULIAN.

and lock the turnblers when the hasp is With- Witnesses: drawn, und a nut for supporting said stud, PHIL J. GATES,

Suid nut being heid from turning While the A. F. BROOMHALL. 

